Configuration
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OpenSim simulator configuration file
The region simulator configuration is managed using a file called OpenSim.ini. This file is used regardless of whether the sim is running in standalone or grid mode. This file includes some additional configuration information from the config-include/ directory. Detailed information on the options available for setttings in this file can be found here. Please note, that the name OpenSim.ini can be changed via command line arguments (see above). Also, note that the default download does not include an OpenSim.ini file, but rather provides an example file. To get started editing your ini file, please cd into opensim/bin/ and copy OpenSim.ini.example to OpenSim.ini.
It is also possible to distribute the inifile settings over two files. This is useful if you want to run several OpenSim processes where most of your settings are identical but some settings differ. The master file is read first, then the inifile is read. Settings given in the inifile overrule settings given in the master file. The master file has the same format and the same keywords as the inifile, so the same documentation applies.
Database
Opensim's supports the following database-engines:
- SQLite (default - a lightweight database that comes bundled with OpenSim and can be used without requiring any extra configuration. It is mostly intended to get you up and running quickly, not for production use. A few features here (such as attachment persistence) have not yet been fully implemented.)
- MySQL (fully supported). This is the recommended database for any use beyond experimentation or small standalone applications. See Mysql-config for configuration information. The OpenSim.ini.example file and other .example files will also have example MySQL configuration strings.
- MSSQL (partially supported - some recent OpenSim features may not yet be implemented)
More information on database support can be found on the OpenSim Database support page.
Standalone vs. Grid
We recommend that you first get OpenSim running in standalone mode before you attempt to connect it to a grid or run your own grid. An OpenSim configuration consists of regions (run by region simulators) and 5 core backend services (which manage users, the grid, assets, inventories, and grid-wide messaging, collectively known as UGAIM).
A system running in standalone mode (that is, one with OpenSim.ini where gridmode = false) runs everything (all UGAIM services and one or more regions) in a single executable (OpenSim.exe).
In grid mode, the five services (User, Grid, Asset, Inventory, Messaging, or UGAIM) are not part of the region server. Instead, they can be run separately either on the same machine or spread out across multiple computers. In this mode, the OpenSim.exe acts solely as the region server, serving one or more regions that communicate with the core servers for asset, inventory and other data management.
Naturally, this means that running in grid mode is more complicated than running in standalone mode. It requires an understanding of UUID, X,Y location, server handshake passwords, estates and estate owners, and a couple of other settings. These require more care and patience to set up.
If you want to run a grid of your own (either private or public) you would start the core services up before connecting a region simulator. If you want to connect your region server to a grid that someone else is running, you need only start the region server in grid mode (with the necessary security keys and location information mentioned in the last paragraph).
Running OpenSim in Standalone mode
When you start OpenSim in standalone mode, it will ask you several questions at the console. The first set of prompts that start with "NETWORK SERVERS INFO", you can just hit return to accept the defaults if you will be running in standalone mode. The prompts that start with "DEFAULT REGION CONFIG" are where you need to start paying attention. Some are self-explanatory. Here are explanations for the others:
- Grid Location. OpenSim regions can be placed anywhere on a 65536 by 65536 grid. In standalone mode, it is safe to leave these X and Y locations at their defaults for the first region (additional regions will need different coordinates, of course).
- Filename for local storage. Safe to leave at default.
- Internal IP address; This should always be 0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0 means "listen for connections on any interface", basically a wildcard) if you want to access this server from the internet or another server on your internal network, this should be the IP address assigned to the OpenSim Server. You should also set up the server to Use a Static IP address, and not DHCP
- Internal IP port for incoming UDP client connection. You can make this any port you want, but it is safe to leave at the default 9000. Each region on your server must have a unique port
- External host name. If you will only be attaching to your sim from a SecondLife client on the same machine, you can leave this at the default 127.0.0.1. If you will be wanting to connect to it from a client on another machine or the internet, this should be the External IP Address of your router, not the Domain Name. (Hmm - Tried hostname (the one resolved by dns) and it worked out oke.)
- Be aware of loopback problems when Running viewer & server(s) on the same machine (LAN) by using the "external" configuration. (You might notice endless waiting for region handshake.) See also troubleshoot hints
- If your having Connectivity problems. Be sure to read the Network Configuration Page. This is important if you see Region handshake issues.
To connect to your new sim, start up secondlife with the following command line switches:
Client on same machine as OpenSim: -loginuri http://127.0.0.1:9000/ -loginpage http://127.0.0.1:9000/?method=login Client on different machine or internet: -loginuri http://external_ip:9000/ -loginpage http://external_ip:9000/?method=login
To create a user:
type create user <first> <last> <password> <x_loc> <y_loc> in the server console.
Running OpenSim in Grid mode
Configuring the grid services
NOTE: The grid servers are in the process of being redesigned. Some services are now run in a common 'ROBUST' (Basic Universal Server Technology) server shell while others are still run as separate legacy servers. More Details on ROBUST are Here -->ROBUST <-- including Conversion From UGAIM To UGRM (0.6.6 -> 0.6.7) and UGRM to URM (0.6.7 -> 0.6.8)
As of OpenSim 0.6.8, R.O.B.U.S.T. has connectors for the asset (A), grid (G) and inventory (I) functionality. The legacy servers are still required for user (U) and messaging (M) functionality. The steps below will get you up and running. We'll assume that your current directory is bin/ within the OpenSim distribution.
- Configure the user server
- Start OpenSim.Grid.UserServer.exe
- You will be asked a number of configuration questions. If the grid servers are all on one machine, most defaults are safe to use. The configuration is stored in the UserServer_Config.xml file which can be changed afterwards if necessary.
- The user server will then load and display it's prompt:
- Configure R.O.B.U.S.T.
- Copy OpenSim.Server.ini.example to OpenSim.Server.ini. Don't forget to change ConnectionString for your database settings. (on version 0.6.6 copy OpenSim.Services.ini.example to OpenSim.Services.ini - then use OpenSim.Services instead OpenSim.Server)
- Start OpenSim.Server.exe
- The server will start up it's asset, inventory and grid components and display the R.O.B.U.S.T prompt:
- For more information on the R.O.B.U.S.T. configuration file and more information if you are migrating from an earlier release of OpenSim, refer to R.O.B.U.S.T.
- Configure the messaging server
- Start OpenSim.Grid.MessagingServer.exe
- Answer the configuration questions. Again, if all servers are run on the same machine, it's safe to press enter for all questions. The configuration is stored in MessagingServer_Config.xml.
- The server will start and present you with it's prompt:
User#
Linux
bin$ cp OpenSim.Server.ini.example OpenSim.Server.ini
Windows
C:\OpenSim\bin> copy OpenSim.Server.ini.example OpenSim.Server.ini
R.O.B.U.S.T.#
Messaging#
For information on running the legacy servers, see LegacyServers
Configuring regions
When first run, a new OpenSim installation will ask you a series of questions to set up one region. If you want to change these settings or set up multiple regions, please see Configuring_Regions
Configuring and Starting the region simulator
- Find the [Architecture] section, comment out the line that says
- save OpenSim.ini, and go into the config-include directory.
- copy the following files
- Open all these files (Grid.ini, GridCommon.ini, CenomeCache.ini and FlotsamCache.ini) and edit to suit your needs
- You should now be ready to start up your sim. The mode that OpenSim.exe starts in is normally controlled by a setting in your OpenSim.ini. It defaults to standalone mode if that setting is not specified or the file is not found. If you wish, you can force opensim to start in gridmode on the command line as follows:
- Go to the UserServer console, and type 'create user' to create a new avatar. It will prompt you for the name and password, and the X and Y of the sim that should be his home location. Use 1000 and 1000, or wherever you told your sim to live when you brought it up in standalone mode. At the console of any of these servers, you should be able to type 'help' to get a list of commands.
- You should now be able to connect to your new grid with your secondlife client. You need to tell your client to point at the UserServer rather than directly at the sim, though:
Include-Standalone = "config-include/Standalone.ini"
and uncomment the line saying
Include-Grid = "config-include/Grid.ini
GridCommon.ini.example to GridCommon.ini CenomeCache.ini.example to CenomeCache.ini FlotsamCache.ini.example to FlotsamCache.ini
OpenSim.exe -gridmode=true
or:
mono OpenSim.exe -gridmode=true
With any luck, everything will come up without too many errors.
If you have problems using the OpenDynamicsEngine on *nix, try setting your stack reserve level higher than the default with the following command; ulimit -s 262144 Or, run the opensim-ode.sh to start up OpenSimulator.
secondlife -loginuri http://127.0.0.1:8002/
8002 is the default port for the UserServer, and that IP address should be changed to the server you are running the UserServer on, if they are not all on the same box. Happy OpenSimming!
Note: if you are using Windows Vista, remember to start servers as Admin. If not it will prompt you an error in console like "Error - Access denied"
Attaching your sim to someone else's grid
To set up the region server (i.e., OpenSim.exe) to connect to an external grid, you should edit the OpenSim.ini file in the bin directory. In that file, there is a [Network] section with URLs for the grid, user, and asset servers, as well as send and receive keys (for a basic level of security). The addresses and send/receive keys will vary depending on the grid you are connecting to, and the grid operator should tell you what values to use.
The other file you may have to change is in your bin/Regions directory. This is where your individual region config files are. If you only have one region, it will by default be called Regions.ini in OpenSim 0.6.7 and later and regions.xml in OpenSim 0.6.6 and earlier.
This can be edited with any text editor. The grid owner may tell you what X and Y location you can place your sim at (you can't have multiple sims at the same location on the grid). If so, the fields you will need to change in this file are sim_location_x and sim_location_y. And the external_host_name should be set to the hostname or IP address of your simulation server (i.e., the machine that is running OpenSim.exe). A list of public grids that you can attach your sim to is at OpenSim: Grids
Running
Running OpenSim 0.6.7 and onwards in 64 bit Windows
As of OpenSim 0.6.7, the default physics engine for OpenSim was changed to the ODE engine. This is because ODE is by far the most advanced physics engine plugin currently in OpenSim. Unfortunately, it has the drawback in that it's library is not compilable under 64bit in Windows. Therefore, 64 bit Windows users may need to run
OpenSim.32BitLaunch.exe
instead of
OpenSim.exe
To launch their region simulator.
An alternative is to use the basicphysics engine instead or one of the other alternative physics engines bundled with OpenSim, though all these are far less functional than the ODE plugin.
StandAlone
Windows
cd bin OpenSim.exe (or OpenSim.32BitLaunch.exe if using the ODE physics engine under 64 bit Windows)
On Windows Vista, it may be necessary to explicitly "Run as administrator" for opensim.exe to accept connections from a client, even when running as an administrator user. Navigate to the opensim\bin directory, right click opensim.exe, and select "Run as administrator".
Linux / Mac OS X
cd bin mono OpenSim.exe
Local Grid
OpenSim 0.6.7
Windows
cd bin OpenSim.Grid.UserServer.exe OpenSim.Grid.GridServer.exe OpenSim.Server.exe OpenSim.Grid.MessagingServer.exe OpenSim.exe (or OpenSim.32BitLaunch.exe if using the ODE physics engine under 64 bit Windows)
Linux / Mac OS X
cd bin mono OpenSim.Grid.UserServer.exe mono OpenSim.Grid.GridServer.exe mono OpenSim.Server.exe mono OpenSim.Grid.MessagingServer.exe mono OpenSim.exe
OpenSim 0.6.6 and earlier
Windows
cd bin OpenSim.Grid.UserServer.exe OpenSim.Grid.GridServer.exe OpenSim.Grid.AssetServer.exe OpenSim.Grid.InventoryServer.exe OpenSim.Grid.MessagingServer.exe OpenSim.exe (or OpenSim.32BitLaunch.exe if using the ODE physics engine under 64 bit Windows)
Linux / Mac OS X
cd bin mono OpenSim.Grid.UserServer.exe mono OpenSim.Grid.GridServer.exe mono OpenSim.Grid.AssetServer.exe mono OpenSim.Grid.InventoryServer.exe mono OpenSim.Grid.MessagingServer.exe mono OpenSim.exe
Note About Mono
If you're using mono, you should increase the value of the mono environment variable MONO_THREADS_PER_CPU from its default of 5 to some number that works for your sim. The exact number depends on many factors including: the number of CPUs in your machine, what else you use that machine for, how many regions you have in your sim, how many of them are adjacent, how many scripts you have, and how many avatars you expect to serve at the same time. As a reference, Wright Plaza in OSGrid, which is running as a single region on a sim and routinely hosts meetings with 20 avatars, uses the value 125.
If this number is too low, the operation of your sim will start to break in all sorts of different ways. A common symptom is the freezing of all activity upon login of a new avatar. Other symptoms are a lot more subtle.
For example: $ export MONO_THREADS_PER_CPU=125
Legacy Configuration Information
These are some pages containing some legacy configuration information of unknown accuracy.
OpenSim 0.6.6 legacy configuration information
Additional Configuration Tasks (for advanced users)
OpenSim.exe command line options
OpenSim.exe has command line options which allow you to perform actions such as reading configuratio nfiles from a different directory. See OpenSim.exe Command Line Options for more details.
Script engine
OpenSim supports multiple script engines. See ScriptEngines for details. If you don't know what this means then the default script engine will be fine.
Permissions Configuration
OpenSim has a quite elaborate set of permissions. See OpenSim:Permissions(Server) for details. By default, permissions are not active on region simulators.
Logging
By default, OpenSim logs information to a file called OpenSim.log in the bin directory. See Logging for details on how to further configure this if required.
Configuration of region modules
Configuration of Metaverse Exchange Protocol (MXP)
Configuration of Web Server and Pages
OpenSim contains a web server that can serve up a variety of pages. Some which come from external files and some are generated internally.
