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[edit] Introduction

Since OpenSimulator 0.7.2, a number of functions are provided for for creating and manipulating server-side NPCs (Non Player Characters).

NPCs are controlled via a script which must be in the same region as the NPC. This could be housed in an attachment that is attached to the avatar.

Server-side NPCs cannot leave the region in which they were born.

Server-side NPC appearance is saved and loaded by serializing the appearance data structure to a notecard present in the same prim as the script. The required textures will be preserved when an OAR is saved and loaded.

The current appearance data format (as seen in notecards created by appearing saving) is the same used for the OpenSimulator wire format and so is not designed to be edited directly. With great care it is possible, see Appearance Formats for more details but it's not recommended unless you really, really need to do it.

[edit] Enabling

To use these functions, in the OpenSim.ini file you will need the following config

1. Enabled = true set in the [NPC] section.
2. Enable one script engine

in config-include/osslEnable.ini

1. AllowOSFunctions = true
2. check the value of osslNPC to set the rights of most NPC functions.

you may also need to check rights of osAgentSaveAppearance()

Since 0.9.2.0 the maximum number of NPCs per scene is limited to the value of MaxNumberNPCsPerScene entry on [NPC] section.

See Configuring Simulator Parameters#Getting information about parameters if you need to double check that these parameters have been set correctly.

[edit] Notes

• When using your avatar to model appearance before saving, you will need to wait a few seconds before invoking any save appearance command. This is because appearance saving currently operates on a timer in order to manage multiple appearance updates from the viewer.
• When using your avatar to model appearance, if you want to reposition attachments on the NPC you will need to

1. Reposition them on yourself
2. Detach them to inventory
3. Reattach them
4. Save the appearance

This is because saving appearance data does not trigger saving of current attachment positions.

[edit] Sensing

llAgentSensor() can be used to set up a sensor that will detected NPCs instead/of as well as other region entities.

In OpenSimulator 0.7.2, LSL sensors will detect NPCs as ordinary agents.

In OpenSimulator 0.7.3-rc1 onwards, unless otherwise specified, NPCs will only be detected using the OpenSimulator-specific NPC flag, e.g.

//Author: mewtwo0641
 
list keys = []; 
key npc;
string toucher;
key toucherkey;
vector toucherPos;
integer npc_on = FALSE;
 
default
{ 
    touch_start(integer x)
    {   
        toucherkey = llDetectedKey(0);
        toucherPos = llDetectedPos(0);
        vector npcPos = llGetPos() + <1,1,1>;
 
        if(npc_on == FALSE)
        {    
            npc = osNpcCreate("Fred", "Flintstone", npcPos, toucherkey);
            npc_on = TRUE;
            llSensor("", "", AGENT | NPC, 96.0, PI); //Will always return NPC key regardless of npc create option
            return;
        }   
 
        if(npc_on == TRUE)
        {   
            osNpcRemove(npc);
            llResetScript();
        }   
    }   
 
    sensor(integer num)
    {   
        keys = []; 
        integer i = 0;
 
        for(i; i < num; i++)
        {   
            keys += llDetectedKey(i); 
        }   
 
        llOwnerSay(llDumpList2String(keys, "\n"));
    }   
 
    no_sensor()
    {   
        keys = [];   
    }   
}

You can get NPCs to be detected as AGENTs again using the OS_NPC_SENSE_AS_AGENT option below in osNpcCreate().

The justification is that detecting NPCs as AGENTs by default may make some scripts unusable (e.g. radars that know nothing about NPCs). However, conversely other scripts may not behave as expected if NPCs aren't sensed as agents (e.g. doors that open automatically for avatars would not open for NPCs).

llGetDetectedType() will set the NPC flag if an NPC was detected. If the NPC was created with the OS_NPC_SENSE_AS_AGENT option then the AGENT flag will also be set.

[edit] Data Formats

For more information about the format used to store appearance information in notecards, see Appearance Formats.

[edit] Functions

[edit] Create and Remove

[edit] osNpcCreate

osNpcCreate(string firstname, string lastname, vector position, string cloneFrom):key

cloneFrom may be:

• Name of the notecard containing a serialized avatar appearance, or
• Asset UUID of the Notecard, or
• UUID of an avatar logged into the same region. However, please note that this appearance will not be persisted unless osNpcSaveAppearance() is called.

If the NPC is successfully created, then its UUID is returned, which is required for all subsequent functions. Example is available at osNpcCreate

(OpenSimulator 0.7.3-rc1 onwards only). This creates an NPC that is 'owned' by the creating script and sensed using the OpenSimulator-only NPC flag for sensors.

[edit] osNpcCreate

OpenSimulator 0.7.3-rc1 onwards.

osNpcCreate(string firstname, string lastname, vector position, string cloneFrom, integer options):key

cloneFrom may be:

• Name of the notecard containing a serialized avatar appearance, or
• Asset UUID of the Notecard, or
• UUID of an avatar logged into the same region. However, please note that this appearance will not be persisted unless osNpcSaveAppearance() is called.

integer is a set of flags that may be 0 or one or more of

• OS_NPC_NOT_OWNED - create an unowned NPC.
• OS_NPC_SENSE_AS_AGENT - create an NPC that is sensed as an AGENT with LSL sensors
• OS_NPC_OBJECT_GROUP - create an NPC with the group of the object with the script, if that object owner is member of that group.

If the NPC is successfully created, then its UUID is returned, which is required for all subsequent functions. Example is available at osNpcCreate

[edit] osNpcRemove

osNpcRemove(key npc):void

Remove the given avatar from the region. Example at osNpcRemove.

[edit] Get and Set

[edit] osIsNpc

OpenSimulator 0.7.3-rc1 onwards.

osIsNpc(key npc):integer

Returns TRUE if the given key is an NPC, false otherwise.

[edit] osNpcGetRot

Gets the rotation of the avatar. Only the rotation around the Z plane in Euler rotation (horizontal rotation) has any meaning.

osNpcGetRot(key npc):rotation

[edit] osNpcSetRot

osNpcSetRot(key npc, rotation rot):void

Set the rotation of the avatar. Only setting the rotation in the Z plane in Euler rotation will have any meaningful effect (turning the avatar to point in one direction or another). Setting X or Y Euler values will result in the avatar rotating in an undefined manner.

[edit] osNpcGetPos

osNpcGetPos(key npc):vector

Return the current position of the NPC.

[edit] osNpcGetOwner

OpenSimulator 0.7.3-rc1 onwards.

osNpcGetOwner(key npc):key

Return the owner of the given NPC (i.e. the owner of the script that created it). If the NPC is unowned or the input key does not belong to an NPC then returns NULL_KEY.

[edit] Movement

[edit] osNpcMoveTo

osNpcMoveTo(key npc, vector position):void

An older function that performs an osNpcMoveToTarget() by flying and landing at the target.

[edit] osNpcMoveToTarget

osNpcMoveToTarget(key npc, vector target, int options):void

Move the avatar to a given target over time. How the avatar will get there depends on the following options.

• OS_NPC_FLY - Fly the avatar to the given position. The avatar will not land unless the OS_NPC_LAND_AT_TARGET option is also given.
• OS_NPC_NO_FLY - Do not fly to the target. The NPC will attempt to walk to the location. If it's up in the air then the avatar will keep bouncing hopeless until another move target is given or the move is stopped
• OS_NPC_LAND_AT_TARGET - If given and the avatar is flying, then it will land when it reaches the target. If OS_NPC_NO_FLY is given then this option has no effect.
• OS_NPC_RUNNING - if given, NPC avatar moves at running/fast flying speed, otherwise moves at walking/slow flying speed.

OS_NPC_FLY and OS_NPC_NO_FLY are options that cannot be combined - the avatar will end up doing one or the other. If you want the avatar to fly and land at the target, then OS_NPC_LAND_AT_TARGET must be combined with OS_NPC_FLY. For instance,

osNpcMoveToTarget(npc, llGetPos() + <9,9,5>, OS_NPC_FLY|OS_NPC_LAND_AT_TARGET);

[edit] osNpcStopMoveToTarget

osNpcStopMoveToTarget(key npc):void

Stop a current move to a target.

[edit] Sitting and standing

[edit] osNpcSit

OpenSimulator 0.7.3-rc1 onwards.

osNpcSit(key npc, key target, int options):void

Sit an NPC on a prim target.

[edit] osNpcStand

OpenSimulator 0.7.3-rc1 onwards.

osNpcStand(key npc):void

Make an npc stand up.

[edit] Communication

[edit] osNpcSay

osNpcSay(key npc, string message):void 
osNpcSay(key npc, int channel, string message):void

Get the NPC to say the given message.

If channel is specified then the chat is said on the given channel. The channel parameter is only available in OpenSimulator 0.7.4 development code at this time.

[edit] osNpcSayTo

osNpcSayTo(key npc, key target, integer channel, string message):void

Get the NPC to say the given message to the given channel to the specified target.

This function is based on llRegionSayTo, it therefore has no range limitation inside the region.

Added in OpenSimulator 0.9.1.0 Dev

[edit] osNpcShout

Only in OpenSimulator 0.7.4 development code at this time.

osNpcShout(key npc, int channel, string message):void

Get the NPC to shout the given message on the given channel.

[edit] osNpcWhisper

Only in OpenSimulator 0.7.4 development code at this time.

osNpcWhisper(key npc, int channel, string message):void

Get the NPC to whisper the given message on the given channel.

[edit] Animations

[edit] osNpcPlayAnimation

OpenSimulator 0.7.3-rc1 onwards.

osNpcPlayAnimation(key npc, string animation):void

Get an NPC to play an animation. The animation can either be a key or the name of an animation in the same inventory as the script.

[edit] osNpcStopAnimation

In OpenSimulator 0.7.3-rc1 there is a bug which makes this play the animation instead. This will be corrected for the final release but in the mean time please use osAvatarStopAnimation() instead.

osNpcStopAnimation(key npc, string animation):void

Get an NPC to stop playing an animation. The animation can either be a key or the name of an animation in the same inventory as the script.

[edit] Appearance

NPC appearance is manipulated by saving and loading appearance data to notecards from the same inventory as the invoking script.

[edit] osOwnerSaveAppearance

osOwnerSaveAppearance(string notecard):key

Save the owner's current appearance to a notecard in the prim's inventory. This includes body part data, clothing items and attachments. If a notecard with the same name already exists then it is replaced. The owner must be present in the region when this function is invoked. The baked textures for the owner (necessary to recreate appearance on the NPC) are saved permanently.

[edit] osAgentSaveAppearance

osAgentSaveAppearance(key agentId, string notecard):key

Save an arbitrary avatar's appearance to a notecard in the prim's inventory. This includes body part data, clothing items and attachments. If a notecard with the same name already exists then it is replaced. The avatar must be present in the region when this function is invoked. The baked textures for the avatar (necessary to recreate appearance on the NPC) are saved permanently.

[edit] osNpcSaveAppearance

osNpcSaveAppearance(key npc, string notecard):key

Save the NPC's current appearance to a notecard in the prim's inventory. This includes body part data, clothing items and attachments. If a notecard with the same name already exists then it is replaced. The avatar must be present in the region when this function is invoked. The baked textures for the avatar (necessary to recreate appearance) are saved permanently.

[edit] osNpcLoadAppearance

osNpcLoadAppearance(key npc, string notecard):void

Load appearance from a notecard. This notecard must contain appearance data created with one of the save appearance functions.

[edit] Touch

[edit] osNpcTouch

OpenSimulator 0.7.4 development code at this time.

osNpcTouch(key npc, key objectKey, integer linkNum)

Allows the NPC to touch objects.

[edit] Examples

[edit] NPC Automator

• NPC Automator 2.0

This is a rough example script for most of the current NPC functionality. One of its major current deficiencies is that it doesn't track more than one created avatar at a time. Please feel free to improve it.

key npc;
integer listenChannel = 10;
 
default
{
    // NPC manipulator adapted by justincc 0.0.3 released 20121025
    state_entry()
    {
        llListen(listenChannel,"",NULL_KEY,"");
        llSetText("Listening on " + listenChannel, <0, 255, 0>, 1);
        llOwnerSay("Say /" + (string)listenChannel + " help for commands");
    }  
 
    listen(integer channel, string name, key id, string msg)
    {
        if (msg != "")
        {
            list commands = llParseString2List(msg, [ " " ], []);
            string msg0 = llList2String(commands, 0);
            string msg1 = llList2String(commands, 1);            
            string msg2 = llList2String(commands, 2);
            string msg3 = llList2String(commands, 3);
 
            if (msg0 == "create")
            {
                if (msg1 != "")
                {
                    string notecardName = msg1;
 
                    npc = osNpcCreate("Jane", "Doe", llGetPos() + <5, 5, 0>, notecardName);
 
                    llOwnerSay("Created npc from notecard " + notecardName);
                }
                else
                {
                    llOwnerSay("Usage: create <notecard-name>");
                }
            }  
            else if (msg0 =="createm" && msg1 != "")
            {
                osOwnerSaveAppearance("appearance");
                vector pos = llGetPos();
                integer i;
                for (i = 0; i < (integer)msg1; i++)
                {
                    osNpcCreate("John", "Doe", pos + <8, 0, 0>, "appearance");
                    llSleep(1);
                }
            }
            else if (msg0 == "remove" && npc != NULL_KEY)
            {
                osNpcSay(npc, "You will pay for this with your liiiiiivvveeessss!!!.....");
                osNpcRemove(npc);
            }   
            else if (msg0 == "say" && npc != NULL_KEY)
            {
                osNpcSay(npc, "I am your worst Nightmare!!!!");
            }   
            else if (msg0 == "move")
            {
                if (msg1 != "" && msg2 != "" && npc != NULL_KEY)
                {                
                    vector delta = <(integer)msg1, (integer)msg2, 0>;
 
                    if (msg3 != "")
                    {
                        delta.z = (integer)msg3;
                    }
 
                    osNpcMoveTo(npc, osNpcGetPos(npc) + delta);                    
                }                            
                else
                {
                    llOwnerSay("Usage: move <x> <y> [<z>]");
                }
            }   
            else if (msg0 == "moveto")
            {
                if (msg1 != "" && msg2 != "" && npc != NULL_KEY)
                {                
                    vector pos = <(integer)msg1, (integer)msg2, 0>;
 
                    if (msg3 != "")
                    {
                        pos.z = (integer)msg3;
                    }
 
                    osNpcMoveTo(npc, pos);                    
                }                            
                else
                {
                    llOwnerSay("Usage: move <x> <y> [<z>]");
                }
            }            
            else if (msg0 == "movetarget" && npc != NULL_KEY)
            {
                osNpcMoveToTarget(npc, llGetPos() + <9,9,5>, OS_NPC_FLY|OS_NPC_LAND_AT_TARGET);
            }
            else if (msg0 == "movetargetnoland" && npc != NULL_KEY)
            {
                osNpcMoveToTarget(npc, llGetPos() + <9,9,5>, OS_NPC_FLY);
            }            
            else if (msg0 == "movetargetwalk" && npc != NULL_KEY)
            {
                osNpcMoveToTarget(npc, llGetPos() + <9,9,0>, OS_NPC_NO_FLY);                
            }
            else if (msg0 == "rot" && npc != NULL_KEY)
            {
                vector xyz_angles = <0,0,90>; // This is to define a 1 degree change
                vector angles_in_radians = xyz_angles * DEG_TO_RAD; // Change to Radians
                rotation rot_xyzq = llEuler2Rot(angles_in_radians); // Change to a Rotation                
                rotation rot = osNpcGetRot(npc);
                osNpcSetRot(npc, rot * rot_xyzq);
            }
            else if (msg0 == "rotabs" && msg1 != "")
            {
                vector xyz_angles = <0, 0, (integer)msg1>;
                vector angles_in_radians = xyz_angles * DEG_TO_RAD; // Change to Radians
                rotation rot_xyzq = llEuler2Rot(angles_in_radians); // Change to a Rotation                
                osNpcSetRot(npc, rot_xyzq);                
            }
            else if (msg0 == "animate" && npc != NULL_KEY)
            {
                osAvatarPlayAnimation(npc, "stabbed+die_2");
                llSleep(3);
                osAvatarStopAnimation(npc, "stabbed+die_2");
            }   
            else if (msg0 == "save" && msg1 != "" && npc != NULL_KEY)
            {
                osNpcSaveAppearance(npc, msg1);
                llOwnerSay("Saved appearance " + msg1 + " to " + npc);                
            }
            else if (msg0 == "load" && msg1 != "" && npc != NULL_KEY)
            {
                osNpcLoadAppearance(npc, msg1);
                llOwnerSay("Loaded appearance " + msg1 + " to " + npc);
            }
            else if (msg0 == "clone")
            {
                if (msg1 != "")
                {
                    osOwnerSaveAppearance(msg1);
                    llOwnerSay("Cloned your appearance to " + msg1);
                }
                else
                {
                    llOwnerSay("Usage: clone <notecard-name-to-save>");
                }
            }
            else if (msg0 == "stop" && npc != NULL_KEY)
            {
                osNpcStopMoveToTarget(npc);
            }
            else if (msg0 == "sit" && msg1 != "" && npc != NULL_KEY)
            {
                osNpcSit(npc, msg1, OS_NPC_SIT_NOW);
            }
            else if (msg0 == "stand" && npc != NULL_KEY)
            {
                osNpcStand(npc);
            }
            else if (msg0 == "help")
            {
                llOwnerSay("Commands are:");
                llOwnerSay("create <notecard-name> - Create NPC from a stored notecard");
                llOwnerSay("createm");       
                llOwnerSay("remove - Remove current NPC");     
                llOwnerSay("clone <notecard-name> - Clone own appearance to a notecard");
                llOwnerSay("load <notecard-name>  - Load appearance on notecard to current npc");
                llOwnerSay("save <notecard-name>  - Save appearance of current NPC to notecard");
                llOwnerSay("animate");
                llOwnerSay("move");
                llOwnerSay("moveto <x> <y> <z> - move to absolute position");
                llOwnerSay("movetarget");
                llOwnerSay("movetargetnoland");
                llOwnerSay("movetargetwalk");
                llOwnerSay("rot");
                llOwnerSay("say");
                llOwnerSay("sit <target-uuid>");
                llOwnerSay("stop");
                llOwnerSay("stand");
            }
            else
            {
                llOwnerSay("I don't understand [" + msg + "]");
            }
        }   
    }   
}

[edit] Wandering and Puppeteer

Wizardry and Steamworks provides free-to-use NPC extendable set of scripts, published under the GPLv3 license, that implements most of the NPC functions and allows you to conveniently create NPCs. There are several several scripts available at the time of writing:

• Wandering NPCs is a script that just makes a non-interative NPC wander around in a given area.
• NPC Puppeteer is a system that will allow you to playwright NPCs without too much knowledge of either LSL or OSSL.

[edit] OSW NPCs Controller

OpenSimWorld provides an NPC controller that supports interactive NPCs. The system allows you to give commands to NPCs through the local chat and to build complex behaviors through easy-to-write notecards. It also allows you to specify a "map" of your region so that the NPCs can walk through it.

More information

[edit] Questions/Comments

Please leave your questions and comments on this article's talk page.